Prasat Preah Vihear was built in the 11 and 12th centuries by successive Khmer rulers, Suryavarman I and Suryavarman II.
It sits on top of a very high cliff in in the Dangrek Mountains of Cambodia. It's unusual in that the orientation is North-South, instead of the traditional alignment to the East. The architecture is predominantly the Banteay Srei style, with other styles added in later years. The International Court of Justice in The Hague ruled the site belonged to Cambodia in 1962 and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2008. Recent controversy, sparked by election year politics in both Cambodia and Thailand brought troops from both sides. The argument has gone on for over a century.
We visited from Thailand, with Pirom, our wonderful guide from Surin. We walked across the border and up to the temple.
( if you zoom in too much the border shifts )
Wikipedia has a good article about it --> Preah Vihear on Wikipedia